This etching titled ‘Slag bij Kassel’ was created in 1677 by an anonymous artist in the Netherlands. It shows the Battle of Kassel, a significant event during the Franco-Dutch War. This image employs visual codes and cultural references that would have been easily understood by its 17th-century audience. The detailed depiction of the battlefield, with its formations of troops and strategic placement of geographical features, speaks to the importance of military strategy and territorial control during this period. The allegorical figures in the foreground – including the bust of Louis XIV – suggest the broader political and cultural implications of the battle. The Dutch Republic, at this time, was a major economic and artistic power, but it was also deeply intertwined with the political struggles of Europe. By examining period maps, military reports, and political pamphlets, we can better understand the social conditions that shaped the production of this image. Such resources allow us to interpret the image not just as a historical record, but also as a reflection of the complex social and institutional forces at play in 17th-century Europe.