Disputa tra filosofi o L'Accademia di Platone 

Salvator Rosa painted "Dispute Among Philosophers" in Italy during the 17th century using oil on canvas. Rosa captures a moment of intellectual exchange, possibly referencing Plato's Academy. But, rather than idealizing ancient Greece, Rosa presents a grittier scene. The figures are not the clean-shaven, idealized forms of the Renaissance, but instead, are individualized, and even somewhat unkempt. This divergence from idealized forms might reflect a changing attitude towards classical authority within the artistic and intellectual circles of Rosa's time. The figures seem to be in the heat of debate, emphasizing the dynamic and sometimes contentious nature of philosophical inquiry. To fully appreciate this work, we can look at the history of academies and intellectual societies in 17th-century Italy, as well as Rosa's other works. This provides insight into the social conditions that shape artistic production. Art is always contingent on its social and institutional context, and that context shapes its meaning.