Altar Frontal c. 1550

silk, textile

natural stone pattern

silk

man-made pattern

textile

geometric pattern

organic pattern

repetition of pattern

vertical pattern

intricate pattern

pattern repetition

layered pattern

funky pattern

This 16th-century "Altar Frontal" is a stunning example of the artistry and skill of anonymous artisans. Created in the 16th century, the work displays rich, intricate details. The frontal is composed of three rectangular sections, each adorned with a central oval frame showcasing a biblical scene. These ovals are surrounded by a complex geometric pattern of interlacing foliate motifs, all executed in gleaming gold thread on a deep red velvet ground. The work is a testament to the tradition of liturgical art and textile craft during this period, demonstrating the elaborate artistry and craftsmanship that were dedicated to sacred objects.

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minneapolisinstituteofart about 1 year ago

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The European altar frontal, or antependium, is a framed decorative hanging seen by the congregation. It developed from the Eastern church practice of screening the entire altar with curtains. The Catholic Church dispensed with the use of altar frontals after Vatican II in the 1960s. The widespread development of the silk industry in Spain in the late 15th century and early 16th century was encouraged by Ferdinand and Isabella and their successors. The Church was an important patron of silk production and the most sumptuous embroideries were made for its use. The embroidery on this piece is typical of the small patterns introduced in the mid-16th century, with interlaced stems and arabesques combined with small flowers. The center roundel depicts Christ with his chalice instituting the Eucharist. The roundel to the left presents St. Peter with his symbolic key to heaven, and on the right, St. Paul with the sword of his martyrdom.