Portret van Karel II de Kale after 1661

This engraving of Charles II the Bald, made by Pieter de Jode II, dates from the 17th century. This type of print was common in the Netherlands, and functioned as a kind of early modern meme, circulating images of rulers and other powerful figures. It’s important to understand the printmaking industry to fully appreciate this image. Publishers, engravers, and distributors formed a complex network, catering to a growing market for images. These images were used to reinforce social hierarchies and transmit political messages. Note the Latin inscription, "Justice brings forth injustice," perhaps a subtle commentary on the nature of power. To understand the print's meaning, we need to explore archival sources, such as publisher's records, period newspapers and pamphlets, and inventories of print collections. Only through this historical research can we fully grasp the social and political context in which this image was created and consumed.