Aquilegia vulgaris (almindelig akeleje) 1635 - 1664

Hans Simon Holtzbecker made this botanical study of an Aquilegia vulgaris, or common columbine, with watercolour on paper. Holtzbecker was working in 17th century Denmark, at a time when the natural sciences were gaining traction in royal and aristocratic circles. This drawing is taken from the ‘Florilegium’, a lavishly illustrated catalogue commissioned by Frederick III to document the plants in the Copenhagen Royal Garden. Botanical illustration flourished during this period in Europe, spurred by both scientific and aesthetic interests. The ‘Florilegium’ reflects Denmark's place within a broader European culture of scientific inquiry and royal patronage of the arts. These botanical catalogues, like the Royal Garden itself, were symbols of power, prestige, and enlightenment. The historian's task is to situate Holtzbecker’s drawing within these social and institutional contexts, using archival documents and scientific literature to unpack its meanings. Only then can we fully understand the historical significance of art.