Front View of Seated Lioness n.d.

Frederik William Zurcher created this drawing of a seated lioness in the 19th century with graphite on paper. At first glance, this study of a lioness might seem like just a straightforward animal portrait. However, it comes to us from a time when European colonial powers dominated Africa. The image of the lion was often used as a symbol of imperial strength and dominion. In Britain, for example, the lion was a national emblem, appearing on coats of arms and monuments to the empire. In light of this context, Zurcher’s drawing gains added layers of meaning. Was he simply capturing the likeness of an exotic creature, or was he also participating in the visual language of colonialism? To answer these questions fully, we might consult sources like colonial-era newspapers, political cartoons, and travel writing to more fully understand the social and institutional context in which the artist was working.