The Upper Section of the Left Portal, with the Inscription on a Lion Skin; a Frieze with Busts of Roman Emperors; and Entablature of the Columns, from the Arch of Honor, proof, dated 1515, printed 1517-18 1515

This is the upper section of the Left Portal with inscription, by Hans Springinklee, printed in 1517 or 1518, using a woodcut. Look closely and you will see that the entire image is made up of lines carved into wood. Springinklee and his team would have used a variety of specialized tools to achieve this incredibly fine level of detail, including knives, gouges, and chisels. Each mark removes material, leaving behind a raised surface to catch ink for printing. The inherent qualities of wood lend a particular character to the print. Its grain, hardness, and ability to hold a crisp edge all influence the final appearance. The labor-intensive process of woodcutting also imbues the artwork with social significance. In the 16th century, printmaking was a skilled trade often associated with workshops and collaborative production. This highlights the relationship between art and craft, challenging the distinction between fine art and skilled labor. The act of carving itself becomes an expression of cultural values.