Rocky Bank of a River 1857

John Ruskin made this drawing of a riverbank in the 19th century, using watercolor, gouache, and graphite on paper. Ruskin was fascinated by geology, and the way that water shapes the landscape. Here, Ruskin’s materials and mark-making echo that erosive process. Notice the dynamic quality of the wash, its layering and tonal variation. Look closely, and you'll see a remarkable level of detail, capturing the way light hits each stone and ripple. The white gouache highlights mimic the sparkle of the water. Graphite adds definition to the rock surfaces, emphasizing their texture and mass. But Ruskin’s approach was more than just representational. His careful study of nature reflected a deep moral conviction. He believed that close observation of the natural world could lead to profound insights about society and the human condition. Ruskin urged artists and designers to find inspiration in the inherent beauty of natural forms, to counter the dehumanizing effects of industrial production. This wasn’t just about aesthetics, but a call for social and environmental responsibility.