Alpine Landscape, The Handegg, Switzerland c. 1850s

Jean-Léon Gérôme’s 'Alpine Landscape, The Handegg, Switzerland' was made with oil paint on canvas. These materials are of course traditional, associated with the Western art-historical canon. This painting's appearance is heavily influenced by the way the oil paint has been applied, and its inherent qualities of substance, texture, and color. The artist carefully manipulates the viscosity and transparency of the paint to capture the depth of the landscape. Notice the subtle variations in the brushwork: the delicate strokes used to depict the sky, and the thicker, more textured application for the trees and rocks. In creating this work, Gérôme engaged with the traditions of landscape painting, capturing the atmosphere of the alpine environment. However, it’s important to consider the social context in which the work was produced. During the 19th century, landscape painting was closely tied to ideas of national identity and the romanticization of nature. The rise of tourism and leisure also played a role, with wealthy individuals seeking out picturesque destinations. Ultimately, understanding the materials, making processes, and social context of 'Alpine Landscape, The Handegg, Switzerland' allows us to appreciate its full meaning.