Jesus, Martha and Mary 1823

Johann David Passavant made this drawing of Jesus, Martha, and Mary sometime in the early 19th century. It depicts a biblical scene that has inspired much theological debate, a moment when Jesus appears to prioritize spiritual contemplation over domestic duties. Notice the emphasis on classical form, where an ethereal Jesus sits surrounded by his male disciples. This scene reflects the values of its time, particularly in its subtle reinforcement of traditional gender roles. Made in Germany, where religious and philosophical debates were closely linked to social reform movements, the drawing invites us to consider how art can reflect and reinforce societal norms. To fully understand this piece, we need to consult historical and theological texts, exploring the social expectations placed on women during the period. This reminds us that art's meaning is always connected to its time.