Cross section of the tomb of Mamia 

This cross-section of the tomb of Mamia was rendered by Giovanni Battista Piranesi, an Italian artist known for his etchings of Roman architecture. Here, he presents the tomb's layered construction and the textures of its stonework with striking detail. Notice the sharp lines achieved through the etching process, allowing Piranesi to capture the weight and scale of each stone block. Etching is a printmaking technique that involves using acid to cut into a metal plate, which is then inked and printed. The process of etching can be quite labor-intensive. Piranesi's choice of this medium underscores the sheer amount of labor invested in constructing a monumental tomb like this. Consider the physical work required to quarry, transport, and carve these stones, and the hierarchical society that enabled such ambitious projects. Ultimately, Piranesi's etching does more than document an ancient tomb, it invites us to reflect on the labor, materials, and social structures that underpin architectural achievements.