Four-Line Poem 1593 - 1661

Feiyin Tongrong, a prominent Chan Buddhist monk, created this hanging scroll with ink on paper, sometime in the mid-17th century. At first glance, it may just look like abstract shapes, but this is actually a poem written in Chinese calligraphy. Calligraphy in China wasn't just about writing; it was a respected art form closely linked to painting and poetry. It reflected the artist's education, character, and spiritual state. Feiyin Tongrong's identity as a monk during the Ming-Qing transition is significant. Intellectuals like him often turned to art and religion as a way of dealing with political upheaval. This piece could be read as a personal expression of resilience amidst chaos. Understanding the social and institutional context of art like this requires careful historical research, and studying the artist's biography. By examining these contexts, we gain a deeper appreciation of the meaning and significance of this work.