Gemma pretiosa della virtuose donne, page 20 (recto) 1625

This is a page from "Gemma pretiosa della virtuose donne," or "Precious Gems of Virtuous Women," made in the late 16th or early 17th century by Isabella Catanea Parasole. As the title of the book suggests, and in a time when women's roles were often confined to the domestic sphere, this pattern book was designed to provide women with intricate designs for needlework. Look closely and you’ll notice the repeating geometric patterns, typical of "punto reticella" lace, which were highly valued during the Renaissance for their delicate beauty. Consider the historical context: needlework was not only a creative outlet but also a signifier of a woman's virtue, patience, and skill. The patterns themselves, with their complex symmetries and repeating motifs, evoke a sense of order and control—qualities that were often expected of women in that era. Parasole, an accomplished artist and businesswoman, challenged traditional gender roles by publishing and profiting from her designs. This book, therefore, is not just a collection of patterns; it is a testament to female creativity and entrepreneurship in a patriarchal society.