Page of Ottoman Calligraphy 

Sheikh Hamdullah created this Ottoman Calligraphy page during the late 15th and early 16th centuries. Ottoman calligraphy, more than just writing, was a powerful tool that reinforced social and religious structures. Note how the script itself is stylized, almost abstracted, transforming text into visual art. This was a deeply conservative art form, upheld and promoted by the Ottoman court as a way of preserving and propagating Islamic values. Calligraphers like Hamdullah, often employed directly by the Sultan, served a vital function in Ottoman society. To fully appreciate this piece, we would look at the social and cultural environment in which it was made: court records, religious texts, and biographies of the artists. Understanding Ottoman society is key to understanding its art, revealing the complex interplay between artistic expression, religious belief, and political power.