The Exploded Tower, Heidelberg Castle c. 1865

Adolphe Braun made this photograph of the ruined Heidelberg Castle sometime in the mid-19th century. The image presents us with a paradox: a document of destruction that is also strangely beautiful. The ruined castle had become a popular subject for artists throughout the Romantic era and Braun was one of many who aimed to capture the sublime qualities of the ruined monument. By the time Braun produced this photograph, Heidelberg was part of the Grand Duchy of Baden, a German state eager to promote a sense of national identity through cultural heritage. The ruined castle, destroyed by French armies in the 17th century, served as a potent symbol. What we see in this image is not just the record of destruction, but also how the ruins had been integrated into a new understanding of German identity. To better understand this, one might consult local historical societies and archives, and study the art criticism of the period. In doing so, we can better understand how a ruined castle could serve a powerful social function.