Hermes and Athena (?) 1750 - 1850

This anonymous line drawing presents the classical figures of Hermes and Athena, possibly as a study for a ceramic work. The cultural significance of the work resides in its visualization of Greek mythology, which was a bedrock of ancient society. The imagery creates meaning through the established visual codes: Athena's helmet, spear, and shield mark her role as a goddess of war, wisdom, and crafts. The owl, perched on her finger, is another of her established attributes. Hermes, messenger of the gods, is shown with his traditional staff, seated in a relaxed pose that emphasizes his more casual role. The style of the drawing and the medium suggests that the artwork may have been created in Europe during the Neoclassical period. The wave pattern around the circular frame reminds us of the significance of maritime power in the Greek world. Understanding the social conditions that shape this kind of artistic production involves delving into the art market of the period, as well as the institutions of art education and artistic patronage. The drawing’s value is contingent on the viewer's awareness of Greek mythology. The historical context informs our interpretation.