Leaf from a Kalpa Sutra (Jain Book of Rituals) 15th century

This 15th century leaf from a *Kalpa Sutra*, a Jain book of rituals, was created by the artist Bhadrabahu, whose life spanned from 356 BCE. The text is written in black ink, with the occasional red dot used as a punctuation mark. The page showcases the meticulous and precise script typical of Jain manuscripts, which were carefully copied and preserved for generations. The *Kalpa Sutra* itself, a key text for Jainism, contains rules and guidelines for religious observances, including fasting, meditation, and the conduct of monks. The Metropolitan Museum of Art houses this leaf, which measures 4 1/2 x 11 3/8 in (11.4 x 28.9 cm).