"Siyavush Displays his Skill at Polo before Afrasiyab," Folio from a Shahnama (Book of Kings) 1316 - 1366

This folio, "Siyavush Displays his Skill at Polo before Afrasiyab," was created around the turn of the first millennium by Abu'l Qasim Firdausi, using ink, opaque watercolor, and gold on paper. It’s a scene extracted from the "Shahnama," or Book of Kings. Look closely, and you’ll see that the materiality influences its appearance. The opaque watercolor gives the image a jewel-like quality, while the gold accents add to the sense of opulence and importance. The paper itself, likely handmade, provides a textured surface. These processes are steeped in social significance. The creation of such a manuscript was a painstaking, collaborative effort, involving skilled calligraphers, illuminators, and painters. This speaks to the patronage system of the time, where wealthy elites commissioned such works to enhance their status and cultural capital. The “Shahnama” was not only a work of art but also a symbol of royal power. Considering the material, the making, and the context deepens our understanding, and bridges the gap between the worlds of fine art and craft.