Negen mannenhoofden, gerangschikt op de vorm van hun voorhoofd before 1893

This anonymous photograph, titled "Negen mannenhoofden, gerangschikt op de vorm van hun voorhoofd" (Nine Men's Heads, Arranged by the Shape of Their Forehead), dates back to before 1893. It presents a study in physiognomy, a pseudoscientific belief in the correlation between physical features and personality traits. The nine men are presented in profile and frontal views, arranged based on the perceived shape of their foreheads, with labels in French describing each individual. The photograph serves as a visual document of the prevailing scientific thought of the era, showcasing its preoccupation with categorization and the belief in the possibility of judging character based on outward appearances.