Plate 37: Three Waterfowl with Two Birds Perched in Citrus Trees c. 1575 - 1580

This is a watercolor painting of a variety of birds in a citrus grove, created by Joris Hoefnagel between 1575 and 1580. This miniature painting, a part of the "Book of Hours," depicts the detailed artistry of Hoefnagel, who is famous for his realistic depiction of flora and fauna. This artwork is representative of the 16th-century natural history illustrations, with a focus on meticulous scientific observation. The birds are portrayed with striking realism, reflecting the burgeoning interest in ornithology during the Renaissance. The composition, framed within an oval, highlights the diversity of avian life, with the citrus tree symbolizing the abundance of nature.