The Institute, Paris 1839

Thomas Shotter Boys made this print of the Institute in Paris using lithography, a printmaking technique that relies on the chemical repulsion of oil and water. The image's appearance is deeply influenced by this process. The drawing's initial marks were made on a flat stone surface with a greasy crayon. Then, the stone was treated with acid, making the drawn areas receptive to ink while repelling it elsewhere. It's a technique that allows for a wide range of tonal variations, giving the print its characteristic soft, almost hazy quality. Lithography emerged as a relatively inexpensive method of mass production in the 19th century, and was often seen as a commercial rather than a fine art medium. But Boys really tests that assumption here. The skillful application of shading gives depth to the architectural forms and imbues the scene with a lively atmosphere. This print prompts us to consider how the means of production—the tools, techniques, and materials used—shape our understanding and appreciation of an artwork. It reminds us that even the most seemingly straightforward images are products of complex processes and cultural contexts.