William Rush Carving His Allegorical Figure of the Schuylkill River, Study 1876

This painting by Thomas Eakins shows the sculptor William Rush at work on his allegorical figure of the Schuylkill River. Eakins’ interest lies in the labor of art making. Rush is depicted carving a monumental sculpture from wood. Note the presence of a live model; this sculpture is emerging through a process of direct observation, an attempt to capture life in enduring material. The sculpture's smooth, idealized form is a stark contrast to the rough-hewn timber it originated from. Wood carving, like the broader field of sculpture, is demanding work that requires skill and precision. Rush's dedication and craftsmanship are highlighted here, and Eakins seems equally interested in the contribution of the anonymous model. In this way, Eakins’ subject matter elevates craft to the level of high art, highlighting the vital role of the artist's hand and eye.