Holofernes Interrogating Achior c. 1575

This is an engraving on laid paper entitled ‘Holofernes Interrogating Achior’ made by an anonymous artist. The print depicts a scene from the Book of Judith, where Holofernes, an Assyrian general, questions Achior about the strength of the Israelites. The image creates meaning through its visual codes, referencing both biblical narrative and contemporary social structures. Made in Europe, likely France, during the 16th or 17th century, this work reflects the religious and political tensions of the time. The story of Judith, a Jewish heroine who resists foreign oppression, would have resonated with audiences during the Reformation and Counter-Reformation. It also comments on the politics of imagery and the public role of art. Was it self-consciously conservative or progressive? Did it critique the institutions of art? Understanding the artwork requires historical research into the cultural, religious, and political context of its creation. Only then can we fully appreciate its meaning and significance.