The Lupercalian Festival in Rome. Cupid and Personifications of Fertility Encounter the Luperci Dressed as Dogs 

This drawing, "The Lupercalian Festival in Rome. Cupid and Personifications of Fertility Encounter the Luperci Dressed as Dogs," by Adam Elsheimer, depicts a scene of the ancient Roman Lupercalia festival. The drawing features several women, likely representing fertility, along with a winged Cupid. The Luperci, priests who conducted the festival, are depicted as figures with dog heads, highlighting the ritualistic nature of the event. Elsheimer, a German painter known for his detailed compositions and atmospheric effects, used pen and ink to create a sense of movement and energy, emphasizing the celebratory aspect of the festival.