Das Martyrium des Heiligen Stephanus 

Jacob Jordaens created this ink and watercolor work, “The Martyrdom of Saint Stephen,” at an unknown date. The composition is bisected horizontally, splitting the terrestrial violence below from the ethereal heavens above. This division emphasizes the stark contrast between earthly suffering and divine transcendence. Jordaens uses light not just to illuminate but to delineate moral space. Notice how the divine light from above contrasts with the earthier tones below, creating a visual hierarchy that elevates the spiritual over the material. The use of dynamic lines contributes to the image's sense of movement and chaos, while the color palette adds to the emotional depth. Through these elements, Jordaens invites us to reflect on the dichotomy between faith and persecution, and the ultimate triumph of spiritual belief. The raw, gestural quality of the watercolor medium enhances the emotional impact of the scene. In essence, the artwork compels us to consider not just the narrative of martyrdom but also the profound structures of belief, power, and representation.