Apse Mosaic (detail) 549

This section of mosaic comes from the Basilica of Sant'Apollinare in Classe, near Ravenna, Italy, and was created by Byzantine artists. In it, we see a highly stylized, symbolic depiction of nature. It is meant to evoke the Garden of Eden, a paradise that is both earthly and spiritual. This was made during a time when Ravenna was the capital of the Western Roman Empire and then the center of Byzantine power in Italy. Understanding the complex political history of the area is fundamental to understanding the art produced. Such works were commissioned by the church, serving to visually communicate religious and political ideas. The mosaics were a way of creating a sense of awe and reverence, reinforcing the Church's authority and spiritual power. By studying the writings of the time and understanding the religious and political context, we can better understand the role art played in shaping society.