Sculptuur van Demosthenes 1895

This is an undated photograph of a sculpture of Demosthenes made by an anonymous artist. Statues of Demosthenes, the Athenian statesman and orator, were ubiquitous symbols of classical learning. They were especially popular during the rise of democratic ideals in the 18th and 19th centuries. The creation and circulation of these images reflect a very specific cultural and political agenda. Namely, to align contemporary political movements with the perceived glory and wisdom of ancient Greece. The sculpture embodies classical notions of masculinity and leadership. These are conveyed through its idealized form, its dignified pose, and the presence of a scroll, an emblem of knowledge and eloquence. But consider what it means to selectively invoke the past, and whose voices get amplified in the process. How do we grapple with these historical representations in light of today's values? What do these statues mean for how we understand power, representation, and whose stories are told?