Coronation of Pepin the Short in Laon 1460

Jean Fouquet created this illumination of Pepin the Short's coronation in the 15th century, using tempera and gold leaf on vellum. Medieval illuminated manuscripts were luxury objects. Vellum, made from animal skin, demanded considerable labor to prepare. Tempera paint, made from pigment mixed with egg yolk, offered rich, matte color. And gilding with gold leaf would have added both expense and visual splendor. Notice how Fouquet uses these materials to create a clear distinction between the secular and sacred realms. The earthly battle scene, rendered in muted tones, contrasts sharply with the vibrant, golden coronation. This choice reinforces the power of the church and the divine right of kings. Ultimately, the meticulous crafting of this image elevates it beyond mere illustration, serving as a potent symbol of wealth, power, and faith in its time.