Portrait of a Woman, Said to Be Lucy Percy (1600?–1660), Countess of Carlisle 1653

Samuel Cooper painted this miniature portrait, thought to be of Lucy Percy, Countess of Carlisle, using watercolor on ivory, around the mid-17th century. The choice of ivory as a ground is significant. It provided a smooth, subtly luminous surface ideal for capturing fine detail. Cooper built up translucent layers of watercolor, allowing light to reflect from the ivory beneath, creating a sense of depth and vibrancy. This painstaking process demanded exceptional skill and control, far removed from the rapid gestures of oil painting. Think of the labor involved, grinding pigments by hand, preparing the ivory support, and the sheer time required to achieve such exquisite detail on such a small scale. This was a luxury object, intended for private contemplation and display. Its intimacy speaks volumes about the relationship between artist and sitter, and the value placed on individual identity within the ruling class. By considering the materials and processes involved, we gain a deeper appreciation for the artistry and social context of this captivating portrait.