Andrea Henckell 1877

Johan Christian Emil Hassel created this portrait of Andrea Henckell using lithography, a printmaking technique that relies on the chemical repulsion of oil and water. The process begins with a smooth stone or metal plate, on which the artist draws an image with a greasy crayon or ink. What’s compelling here is the inherent tension between the mechanical nature of lithography and the artist's hand. Each delicate line, carefully etched, contributes to the overall tonal range and lifelike texture. The subtle gradations in shading give form to Andrea Henckell’s face and clothing, capturing a sense of her presence and character. Hassel's choice of lithography speaks to a broader democratization of art during the 19th century, as it enabled the production of multiple copies. These types of portraits were in high demand by the rising middle class, and this print reflects the changing social and economic landscape of the time. It’s a reminder that even in a seemingly straightforward portrait, materials and making matter.