Socrates en Xantippe 1765

This etching, "Socrates en Xantippe," was created by Jan Tersteeg, around the late 18th century. During the Enlightenment, art often revisited classical themes, using them to reflect contemporary social and moral values. Here, we see a scene depicting Socrates and his wife, Xantippe. Socrates is known for his philosophical contributions, while Xantippe is remembered for her supposedly difficult temperament. Look at how Tersteeg portrays her, emptying a chamber pot over Socrates’ head. While it may seem humorous, the image engages with historical gender roles and expectations. Socrates, surrounded by men, seems unperturbed, embodying the stoic philosopher. The etching serves as a commentary on marital relations and the perceived roles of men and women in society, as well as class expectations during this period. It invites us to consider how these historical representations continue to echo in our contemporary understanding of gender and relationships. It speaks to how stereotypes persist, shaping our perceptions of individuals and their roles.