Portrait study of Jadwiga Łuszczewska – Deotyma 1855

This is Józef Simmler's pencil study of Jadwiga Łuszczewska, known as Deotyma, a prominent Polish writer, poet, and intellectual of the 19th century. Simmler, working in a time of national romanticism, captures Deotyma's likeness while also subtly nodding to her intellectual prowess. Consider the historical context: Poland was under foreign partition, and figures like Deotyma played a crucial role in sustaining national identity through language and culture. Deotyma's writing often explored themes of national pride, social justice, and female empowerment, reflecting her own position as a woman in a male-dominated intellectual sphere. The sketch gives us a glimpse into the life of a woman who chose a pen name to publish her works, navigating the complex terrain of gender and authorship. Simmler's portrait memorializes Deotyma’s contribution to Polish culture, reminding us of the power of art and literature to inspire and shape national identity.