An Old Oak Tree 

James Ward made this drawing of an old oak tree sometime in the late 18th or early 19th century, using graphite on paper. Graphite, in its processed form as pencil lead, has a fascinating history. Before it became the standard material for preliminary studies like this one, it was mined as a relatively rare mineral and used for more specialized purposes. This drawing offers a glimpse into the changing role of a material as it transitions from specialized use to mass production. The smudged texture of the graphite lends itself well to capturing the ruggedness of the tree's bark and the density of its foliage. The strokes vary from light to dark, creating a sense of depth and volume. The pencil lines convey the overall impression of the tree, hinting at its age, its resilience, and its intimate connection to the landscape. By focusing on the material and the process, we can appreciate how even a simple drawing can reflect broader shifts in society, labor, and our relationship with the natural world.