The Old and the New 1917

Editor: Joseph Pennell’s 1917 print, "The Old and the New," rendered in pencil, presents a harbor scene teeming with both sailboats and steamships. I’m struck by the density of the lines, especially on the right side. What is the compositional effect here? Curator: The density of line is quite intentional, indeed. Consider how Pennell uses the textural variations created by different strokes. The composition balances contrasts—observe the sharp, angular lines of the ship against the softer, more diffused strokes depicting the distant steam. Light is structured in relation to darkness; how the pencil renders reflections of light and mass. Editor: So, he's using these sharp contrasts to create a sense of depth and also to emphasize the new and old themes in the subject matter? Curator: Precisely! Now, let us regard the line's function. Does it merely describe the objects, or does it carry other meanings? Consider the way Pennell uses shading; the application appears very calculated. Editor: I see. The shading almost creates separate planes within the composition. The contrast draws attention to specific points and highlights the geometry of both types of ship. Curator: In summary, one should be able to apprehend the relationship of structural features to the historical motif and the stylistic effect. Editor: I'm understanding a lot more about the composition, thank you. Curator: Most welcome. Analyzing the structure reveals so much meaning and offers insights to technique as well.