Landscape in Twilight c. 1855 - 1860

Jean-François Millet created this landscape in twilight using black chalk. This work resonates deeply with the social and cultural shifts of 19th-century France. Millet, known for his realist depictions of rural life, often challenged the romanticized views of the countryside prevalent at the time. This sketch, with its stark simplicity, reflects the hardships and realities faced by the peasant class. Made during a period of significant social upheaval and industrialization, it subtly critiques the neglect of rural communities amidst France's rapid modernization. The dark, muted tones evoke a sense of melancholy, mirroring the socio-economic anxieties of the era. The unidealized landscape serves as a counterpoint to the idealized landscapes favored by the French Academy. To fully appreciate Millet’s work, one might explore the archives of the Barbizon School or delve into the social histories documenting rural France during this transformative period. Through historical context, we begin to understand how Millet's art served as a quiet form of social commentary, challenging the norms of his time.