Herefordshire Fat Ox n.d.

James Ward made this drawing of a Herefordshire Fat Ox in the 18th or 19th century with graphite on paper. The tones he's achieved create a rather solid and believable presence. Ward was from a family of farmers and understood the subject matter intimately. Note the contrast between the heft of the animal, and the delicacy of its portrayal. It is precisely through his mastery of graphite on paper that Ward highlights the significance of livestock in British society. The drawing brings to mind wider social issues of labor, politics, and consumption. The work involved in raising such a magnificent animal is considerable, and it speaks to the artist's own deep understanding of the agricultural context of the time. Paying close attention to materials, making, and context helps us fully appreciate the meaning of an artwork like this one. It challenges the long-held distinctions between fine art and craft.