Agony in the Garden 1311

Duccio painted this panel around 1308 with tempera and gold leaf on wood, showcasing a pivotal moment of contemplation. The process of egg tempera painting demands precision, mixing pigments with egg yolk to create luminous colors. Look closely, and you'll appreciate the meticulous layering required to achieve the soft modeling of the figures and the depth of their robes. The application of gold leaf, a costly material, signifies the divine, elevating the scene beyond the earthly realm. Duccio’s technique, refined through years of apprenticeship, reflects the communal nature of workshop production. Labor was divided, with specialized craftsmen handling tasks like panel preparation and gilding, while the master artist focused on the composition and finer details. The value placed on materials, making, and the social context challenges any strict division between art and craft, highlighting the skill and collective effort behind this devotional image.