Portret van Willem III, koning der Nederlanden 1874 - 1876

This portrait of Willem III, King of the Netherlands, was made anonymously using lithography, a printmaking technique that relies on the chemical repulsion between oil and water. Lithography democratized image production in the 19th century. Unlike earlier print methods, it allowed for relatively quick and inexpensive reproduction, making images more accessible to a wider audience. In this portrait, the lithographic process captures the King's likeness with remarkable detail, from the intricate embellishments on his uniform to the texture of his beard. The inherent qualities of lithography – its ability to render fine lines and subtle tonal gradations – contribute to the portrait's overall effect of stately authority. This speaks to the politics of consumption, and the implied power and social status of the sitter, reflected in the artistry and craftsmanship of the print itself. Considering the materials and techniques used in its production helps us to appreciate the cultural and social significance of this portrait, challenging any rigid divide between art and craft.