Venus pricked by the thorns on a rose bush, in the background Mars chasing Adonis, in the foreground winged cupid resting 1556

This engraving, "Venus pricked by the thorns on a rose bush," was made by Giorgio Ghisi, an Italian engraver, in the 16th century. The image is created by incising lines into a copper plate, applying ink, and then pressing paper against the plate to transfer the image. Look closely at the incredible detail Ghisi achieved through the precise and controlled use of this intaglio process. See how the density and direction of the lines create tone, texture, and form. Ghisi was a master printmaker, and his skills were highly sought after during the Renaissance. Engravings like this one played a vital role in disseminating images and ideas across Europe, acting as a form of mass media before photography. The production of prints like this involved a division of labor, from the artist who created the original design to the skilled craftsman who executed the engraving. The consumption of these images was tied to the growth of a market for art and luxury goods. By paying attention to the materials, techniques, and social context of this engraving, we can gain a deeper appreciation for the artistic achievements and cultural significance of this print.