De klacht van de Duitser en de Hollander, ca. 1567 1567 - 1568

This print, made around 1567 by an anonymous artist, is an etching: a design incised in acid on a metal plate, then inked and printed onto paper. The crisp lines of the etching process lend themselves well to satire, and here we see a pointed commentary on the Duke of Alba's rule in the Netherlands. The material qualities of the print – its reproducibility and portability – would have allowed this image to circulate widely, carrying its message to a broad audience. The choice of etching, rather than a more luxurious medium like painting, also speaks to the social context: this is a work of popular protest, not courtly display. The artist's skill lies not only in their ability to draw, but also in their understanding of how to use materials and processes to amplify their message, making this print a powerful piece of political communication. By considering the materials and making of this artwork, we gain a deeper appreciation of its cultural significance.