Grey Arabian stallion, the property of Sir Watkin Williams-Wynn c. 1817

James Ward painted this grey Arabian stallion, owned by Sir Watkin Williams-Wynn, using oil on canvas. Ward's mastery lies in his ability to capture the animal's muscularity and gentle demeanor through the manipulation of paint. Consider the materiality here. The smooth, almost porcelain-like finish on the horse’s coat is achieved through layers of glazes, a time-consuming process requiring skill and patience. This technique, lifted from Renaissance painting, elevates the subject matter. It speaks to the immense value placed on such a prized animal, transforming a simple portrait into a symbol of wealth and status. The canvas itself, stretched and primed, provides a foundation for this illusion. Ward’s brushwork, though seemingly effortless, is a product of rigorous training. The layers of paint embody a world of labor, commerce, and class distinction, reminding us that the production of art – like the breeding of horses – is inextricably linked to social hierarchies. It challenges distinctions between high art and craft.