Figure 25: Not an expression of pain 1854 - 1856

Guillaume Duchenne de Boulogne, a physician and pioneer in the field of facial expressions, created this photographic study as part of his work, *Electro-Physiology of Expression*, between 1854 and 1856. This image, "Figure 25: Not an expression of pain," is one of the many photographs in the series that explored the facial muscles involved in various expressions, emotions, and physical sensations. Duchenne’s methods involved stimulating various muscles with electrical currents, which led to a more scientific approach to understanding human emotions. This specific photograph captures a single expression and is a remarkable document of Duchenne’s groundbreaking work. The photograph is currently housed at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City.