Christoph Bernhard von Galen, bisschop van Münster 1788

This engraving by Reinier Vinkeles portrays Christoph Bernhard von Galen, Bishop of Münster. Note the prominent cross hanging from his neck, a symbol laden with meaning. This cross, a representation of Christ's sacrifice and resurrection, has been a cornerstone of Christian iconography since antiquity. Consider its earlier appearances in Roman catacombs, a clandestine symbol of faith, versus its later triumphant display on grand cathedrals. Over time, it has evolved from a marker of personal belief to an emblem of institutional power, often associated with authority, devotion, and salvation. Yet, in every depiction, it retains a kernel of its original significance, triggering deeply embedded cultural memories. The Bishop's stern expression and the cross's prominent display evoke a sense of unwavering conviction, engaging our collective subconscious. It reminds us that symbols are never static; they are fluid carriers of meaning, constantly reshaped by history and the psychological currents of human experience.