Orchester (Orchestra) [p. 61] 

Max Beckmann's "Orchester," is a drawing on paper, made with graphite. It is not exactly a traditional medium, but its immediacy and portability made it ideal for quick studies and capturing fleeting moments, like the one depicted here. The image shows an orchestra pit, teeming with musicians rendered in Beckmann's signature angular style. The graphite lines are energetic and dense, conveying the intensity of a live performance. Notice the artist's deliberate use of shading to create depth and volume, giving the impression of a crowded space filled with sound. While seemingly simple, the act of drawing with graphite has a rich history tied to industrialization and mass production. Graphite pencils became widely available in the 19th century, democratizing the art-making process. Beckmann's choice of this humble material underscores his engagement with the everyday world and his desire to make art accessible to a wider audience. By focusing on the materials and making of "Orchester," we can appreciate how Beckmann transformed a simple drawing into a powerful expression of modern life.