Poet (from "Twelve Characters from Shakespeare") 1775

John Hamilton Mortimer created "Poet" as part of his "Twelve Characters from Shakespeare" series, using etching and engraving techniques. These processes involve covering a metal plate with a waxy, acid-resistant layer, drawing an image into it, and then bathing the plate in acid. The acid bites into the exposed metal, creating recessed lines that hold ink. Mortimer then meticulously engraved further details with a burin, a tool that directly cuts lines into the metal. The plate is inked, wiped, and then pressed onto paper, transferring the image. The resulting print showcases fine lines and tonal variations achieved through the manipulation of these techniques. Prints like this one were part of a burgeoning print market in the 18th century, enabling wider distribution of images, thus democratizing art consumption. The labor-intensive process reflects the era's emphasis on skilled craftsmanship, yet also hints at the early stages of mass production, blurring the lines between art, craft, and commerce.