Paardentram 1846 - 1876

This print, *Paardentram,* was made by Carel Christiaan Antony Last using etching and engraving, two of the most reliable methods for image reproduction in the 19th century. The effect of this process is remarkable. Notice how the intricate lines create a detailed depiction of a horse-drawn tram, bustling with passengers. The sharp lines and tonal gradations create an image of a thriving urban scene, the newest mode of transportation in a growing industrial center. Last’s choice of printmaking aligns perfectly with the subject matter, as it was a quintessential medium for mass communication. By embracing this technology, Last's print captures the spirit of the industrial age. It also invites us to consider the role of labor and production in both the creation of the tram and the artwork itself.