Tulipa gesneriana (have-tulipan) 1649 - 1659

Hans Simon Holtzbecker made this rendering of four Tulipa gesneriana with watercolor and gouache on parchment. These plant portraits were not just scientific records; they were luxury goods, reflecting the intense Dutch obsession with tulips in the 17th century. The crisp detail of the leaves, stems, and petals show immense skill and patience, and the subtle gradations of color achieved with watercolor give the image a lifelike quality. The process reflects not only Holtzbecker’s expertise, but also the economic frenzy surrounding tulips at the time. Certain varieties, particularly those with striking color variations like the ones seen here, were status symbols whose bulbs commanded exorbitant prices. This image thus captures a moment when natural beauty, artistic skill, and speculative finance came together. Looking at the artwork with attention to materials, making, and context offers a richer understanding, and challenges traditional distinctions between fine art, craft, and social history.