Self-portrait with Long, Bushy Hair c. 1631

This is a self-portrait etching made by Rembrandt van Rijn, who lived in the Dutch Republic during the 17th century. Etching is an intaglio printmaking technique. The process involves using acid to cut into a metal plate, traditionally copper, to create a design. The plate is covered with a waxy ground, upon which the artist scratches an image with a pointed tool. The exposed metal is then bitten by the acid, creating incised lines. These lines hold ink, which is then transferred to paper under high pressure, resulting in a print. The material qualities of the etching are striking. The intricate lines capture the artist's long, bushy hair and introspective gaze. The contrast between the dark lines and the white paper creates a sense of depth and texture. Etching allowed Rembrandt to explore his own image repeatedly, playing with light and shadow to convey mood and character. It’s important to remember that materials, making, and historical context are all part of the artist's final artwork.