Saint Ignatius of Loyola Preaching 1732 - 1761

Johann Wolfgang Baumgartner created this washed drawing, Saint Ignatius of Loyola Preaching, in the mid-18th century. It presents a scene of religious instruction, set in what appears to be a town square. Ignatius, the founder of the Jesuit order, stands elevated, book in hand, seemingly delivering a sermon to a diverse crowd. Made in the Holy Roman Empire, this artwork reflects the enduring influence of the Catholic Church and the Jesuit order, particularly in education and missionary work. The dramatic gestures, and the varied emotional responses of the figures, are visual codes, likely designed to inspire piety among the public. To fully appreciate Baumgartner’s work, we need to consider the complex relationship between religious institutions and the state at the time. Research into the history of the Jesuit order, and social attitudes toward religious devotion in 18th-century Europe, can help us to fully appreciate the conditions in which this drawing was produced, as well as its intended effect on its audience.