Riddles in the Dark 

Alan Lee's illustration, Riddles in the Dark, conjures a scene steeped in primal symbolism, depicting two figures locked in a contest of wits within a cavernous underworld. Notice the cave itself—a recurring motif across cultures, representing the subconscious. From Plato's cave to ancient burial sites, it symbolizes both the unknown and the potential for revelation. Gollum, with his emaciated form and grasping gesture, embodies the shadow self, a figure consumed by inner desires. He is reminiscent of the Golem of Prague, a creature brought to life by hidden, dark forces. In contrast, Bilbo holds aloft a dagger, a symbol of protection, casting light into this dark space, warding off the shadows of the underworld. We may view this scene, then, not merely as a moment in a children’s book, but as a vivid representation of the human psyche, battling with its darker inclinations.